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- Pulmonary artery oxygen saturation exceeding 80% should raise the suspicion of a left-to-right shunt
- Wide complex tachycardia occurring after MI is most likely to be VT. Procainamide, 15 mg/kg IV over 30 to 60 minutes is drug of choice for evaluation and treatment
- Recurrent syncope, preceded by prolonged standing, nausea, sweating.Tilt test nausea, hypotension, bradycardia, loss of consciousness, immediately lying supine, prompt return of BP and heart rate to baseline - vasovagal syncope with a well-defined trigger - Management: avoid triggers for syncope
- Near-syncope, RBBB and left anterior fascicular block (bifascicular block) EP testing to evaluate AV conduction (class I) PPM without EPS (class IIa)
- Class I indication to implant a biventricular ICD in a patient with a LVEF 35% and below, in sinus rhythm, NYHA II-IV, LBBB and QRS >150 msec
- Exercise-induced ST-segment elevation is consistent with multivessel (or left main) CAD, except in aVR
- Diastolic murmur of mitral stenosis becomes louder with exercise
- INR less than 2.2 is acceptable for radial artery catheterization
- Atrial fibrillation + significant sinus pauses - tachy-brady syndrome, Cause Sinus node dysfunction
- LVEF reduced, aortic valve area and gradient reduced, dobutamine echocardiography increase in stroke volume by ≤20%, increase in gradients less than 40 mmHg (true AS >40), AVA increase <0.2 cm2 shows absence of contractile reserve but consider for AVR